Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health- care settings. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. RR1. 4)Given the shortage of resources in the ED and the compelling evidence that the ED serves an increasingly important role in mitigating the HIV epidemic [6, 1. HIV screening in the already congested ED environment [1. Limited research has been performed to understand how the contextual factors can improve the implementation of HIV testing programs in the ED [1. The ED provides care 2. Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: Study Objectives. In response to the 2. New York State HIV testing law, we sought to understand the contextual factors that influence HIV testing rates in the emergency department (ED). Methods. We analyzed electronic health record logs from 9. EDs in New York City. We used logistic regression to assess whether time of day, day of the week, and season significantly affected HIV testing rates. Results. During our study period, 9. HIV test. Of these, 7,7. Patients arriving between 6 a. ![]() · Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings Bernard M Branson, H Hunter Handsfield, Margaret A Lampe, Robert S Janssen, Allan W Taylor, Sheryl B Lyss, Jill E. · Last year acknowledged the 25th year since AIDS was first recognized, and to coincide with that anniversary, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revised its recommendations for HIV testing for. · Fact Sheet: CDC's Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health Care Settings From U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention September 21, 2006 An estimated one. Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health-Care Settings – CDC. · Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health-Care Settings http:// CDC Press Release CDC Recommends. P < 0. 0. 01) more likely to be tested for HIV, followed by patients arriving between 8: 0. P < 0. 0. 1) and followed by patients arriving between 5- 5: 5. P < 0. 0. 5) compared to patients arriving at midnight. ![]() Seasonal variation was also observed, where patients seen in July, August, and September (P < 0. HIV compared to patients seen in January, while patients seen in April and May (P < 0. HIV. Conclusion. Time of day and season affect HIV testing rates in the ED, along with other factors such as patient acuity and completion of other blood work during the ED visit. These findings provide useful information for improving the implementation of an HIV testing program in the ED. Full- text · Article · Sep 2. Article · Journal of Emergency Medicine[Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: As many as 1. Asian and Pacific Islander adults in the United States are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and up to two thirds are unaware that they are infected. Without proper medical management and antiviral therapy, up to 2. Asian and Pacific Islander persons with chronic HBV infection will die of liver disease. To assess the cost- effectiveness of 4 HBV screening and vaccination programs for Asian and Pacific Islander adults in the United States. Markov model with costs and benefits discounted at 3%. Published literature and expert opinion. Asian and Pacific Islander adults (base- case age, 4. A universal vaccination strategy in which all individuals are given a 3- dose vaccination series; a screen- and- treat strategy, in which individuals are given blood tests to determine whether they are chronically infected, and infected persons are monitored and treated; a screen, treat, and ring vaccinate strategy, in which all individuals are tested for chronic HBV infection and close contacts of infected persons are screened and vaccinated if needed; and a screen, treat, and vaccinate strategy, in which all individuals are tested and then vaccinated with a 3- dose series if needed. In all cases, persons found to be chronically infected are monitored and treated if indicated. Costs (2. 00. 6 U. S. dollars), quality- adjusted life- years (QALYs), and incremental cost- effectiveness. Compared with the status quo, the screen- and- treat strategy has an incremental cost- effectiveness ratio of $3. QALY gained. The screen, treat, and ring vaccinate strategy gains more QALYs than the screen and treat strategy and incurs modest incremental costs, leading to incremental cost- effectiveness of $3. QALY gained compared with the screen and treat strategy. The universal vaccination and screen, treat, and vaccinate strategies were weakly dominated by the other 2 strategies. Over a wide range of variables, the incremental cost- effectiveness ratios of the screen and treat and screen, treat, and ring vaccinate strategies were less than $5. QALY gained. Results depend on the accuracy of the underlying data and assumptions. The long- term effectiveness of new and future HBV treatments is uncertain. Screening programs for HBV among Asian and Pacific Islander adults are likely to be cost effective. Clinically significant benefits accrue from identifying chronically infected persons for medical management and vaccinating their close contacts. Such efforts can greatly reduce the burden of HBV- associated liver cancer and chronic liver disease in the Asian and Pacific Islander population. Article · Nov 2. 00. Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: To gather more information regarding prenatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing by examining the practice patterns of obstetrician- gynecologists. Survey questionnaires were sent to 1,0. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) Fellows and Junior Fellows in practice. Questionnaires included inquiries about obstetrician- gynecologist characteristics, testing practices, and knowledge regarding HIV screening. A total of 5. 82 surveys (5. We found that 1) most (9. HIV testing to all of their pregnant patients, 2) almost half (4. HIV testing, and 3) respondents were sometimes unaware of whether their state requires recommending HIV testing during pregnancy. The finding that some obstetrician- gynecologists are unaware of their state regulations regarding prenatal HIV testing suggests that they would benefit from an increased awareness of state laws and regulations and having timely access to these requirements. The finding that most obstetrician- gynecologists offer HIV testing to all of their pregnant patients is consistent with the literature regarding prenatal HIV screening and with federal and national recommendations. However, study results also suggest that obstetrician- gynecologists may benefit from additional information to increase knowledge and strengthen perinatal HIV testing practice patterns. III. Full- text · Article · Dec 2. Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: We describe outcomes of a rapid HIV testing program integrated into emergency department (ED) services, using existing staff. From April 2. 00. December 2. 00. 6, triage nurses in an urban ED offered HIV screening to medically stable patients aged 1. Clinicians could also order diagnostic testing according to presenting signs and symptoms and suspicion of HIV- related illness. Nurses obtained consent, performed rapid testing, and disclosed negative test results. Clinicians disclosed positive test results and arranged follow- up. Outcome measures included number and proportion of visits during which screening was offered, accepted, and completed; number of visits during which diagnostic testing was completed; and number of patients with confirmed new HIV diagnosis and their CD4 counts. HIV screening and diagnostic testing were completed in 9,4. ED visits (1. 4. 2% of the 6. Screening was offered 4. Fifty- five (0. 7%) screened patients and 4. HIV test results. Median CD4 count was 3. L among screened patients and 9. L among those who received diagnostic testing. Although existing staff was able to perform HIV screening and diagnostic testing, screening capacity was limited and the HIV prevalence was low in those screened. Diagnostic testing yielded a higher percentage of new HIV diagnoses, but screening identified greater than 5. HIV positive, and the median CD4 count was substantially higher among those screened than those completing diagnostic testing. Full- text · Article · Dec 2. Show abstract] [Hide abstract] ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to provide updated prevalence information on hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among patients in a high- volume emergency department (ED) located in a medium- sized, Midwestern city. This study provides updated information regarding the prevalence of the blood- borne pathogens hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV among ED patients. Prior studies of this type have focused on large inner- city populations with high incidence rates of blood- borne diseases. These studies have limited applicability to other common ED settings. A convenience sample of 4. Patient- identifying information was unlinked from study results, which allowed waiver of informed consent from the Institutional Review Board. This blood was then tested for hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV. Prevalence of hepatitis C antibody was 4. US population prevalence of 1. Hepatitis B(s)Ag was present in 0. HIV prevalence was 0. There were no coinfections; therefore, there was a combined prevalence of blood- borne pathogens of 5. The combined prevalence of blood- borne pathogens of 5. Article · Dec 2. 00.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |